其次，人生是不幸的，因为痛苦是人生最基本的刺激和实在，而愉悦只是痛苦中的片断，其作用是消极的。亚里士多德说得对，智者不寻求愉悦，他们在忧虑和痛苦中寻找自由。 Again, life is evil because pain is its basic stimulus and reality , and pleasure is merely a negative cessation of pain . Aristotle was right : the wise man seeks not pleasure , but freedom from care and pain .